Organizational Structure And The Organization - 789 Words

Organizations are founded on the basis that they want to accomplish a goal. Organizations differ from one another in various ways, and that is stated in their mission and vision statement as well as their goals. Every organization has a set pattern that helps to establish the structure on which it will accomplish the goal of the business. According to Prodanciuc, organizational structure is the fundamental concept that helps the organization be organized and administrated. The organizing takes place at the beginning of the organization’s existence and it means providing everything that is needed for it to function. It composes of three interconnected components. To begin, it is important to make certain the economic support for the organization is appropriate, and that it is capable of sustaining its existence. Next, the social component helps create and defined the organization’s staff and human resources. This normally has a formal structure. Meaning that there†™s a set of hierarchical or pyramidal blueprint, ensuring the relationship between front line and corporate employees are established as a stated in framework of the organization. Finally, the informational circuit is put in place to help solidify the leadership and that information is distributed as stated in the organization’s framework (Prodanciuc, 2012). Types of Structure There are several organizational structures that can be used in an organization, however there some basic principle that applies despite ofShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Structure Of An Organization1585 Words   |  7 Pagesimportant things to run a business smoothly is an appropriate organizational structure in order to manage workers effectively, have maximum productivity and achieve the objectives set by the company. The structure of an organization including the method that an organization employs to delineate lines of communication, policies, authority and responsibilities. It determines the extent and nature of how leadership is disseminated within the organization. It is the method to ensure effective channels of communicationRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of Organization Structure1557 Words   |  7 Pagescourse we discussed bureaucracy. We said this form of organization was the starting point for understanding all modern organizations. Based on the text and other class readings develop an essay that begins with a brief definition of bureaucracy and the reason why this form of organization remains the cornerstone of organization structure. Then, give three reasons why the principles of bureaucracy may sometimes be dysfunctional for an organization. Conclude your essay with a discussion of three principlesRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of An Organization1130 Words   |  5 Pagescompany to be productive and advance in the business environment. Organizational structure determines how roles, power, and responsibilities are assigned, controlled, coordinated and how information flows between the different levels of management. In an organizational workforce environment, there are several levels of management, such as managers, supervisors, team leads and coordinators. Their responsibilities are to know why organizational changes are nece ssary and they must effectively communicateRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of An Organization Essay1629 Words   |  7 Pages1.2 At least two different organizational structures are identified, described, and compared in terms of their design principles. Ans: - 1. Organisational Structure – It is a structure which is used to elaborate ranking in an organisation. It is also define as an organizational structure which defines how activities such as task portion, division and guidance are directed towards the achievement of organizational purposes. 2. There are different types of organisationalRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of An Organization1085 Words   |  5 PagesAn organizational structure is a composition that specifies a company s hierarchical structure. There are various kinds of conformations that organizations can choose to build their business around. The organizational structure exemplifies the way in which control and business affairs have been appointed within the organization. Organizational structure encompasses the design of an organization though people positioning and responsibilities in order for organizational goals can be reached. SomeRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of The Organization1163 Words   |  5 PagesOver the years, most organizations have been urged to consider changing their organizational structure so as to promote employee flexibility as well as empower them with the discretion of making decisions. As a result, organizations across the world have resorted to de-layering or flattening their organizational structures with the hopes of achieving employee flexibility and improving the operations of the organization as well. De-layering or flattening, in this case, refers to the elimination ofRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of An Organization1361 Words   |  6 Pages1. Introduction An organization is defined as a group of people who work together in an organized way for shared purpose. When people come together, they can either compliment one another or potentially create conflicts and disagreements in the course of pursuing common objectives with their differentiated experiences, perceptions and knowledge. Managing an organization involves putting a structure to the business so that managers can manage, supervise and coordinate its people and organization’sRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of An Organization1718 Words   |  7 Pagesintroduction This report is going to concentrate on the structure of an organization because, like Jay Lorsch said: organization structure is management’s formal and explicit attempts to indicate to organizational members what is expected of them. In his words, ‘this was management’s attempt to draw a map of whom they want to do what’ (Lorsch, 1977, p. 3) .So a mature and scientific organizational structure is an essential factor that a successful organization requires. I got an internship in a law officeRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of The Organization3890 Words   |  16 Pagesto set up the structure and policies to suit the changes of the market. One of the essential and most important factors to achieve that is the organizational structure. Organizational structure theory is especially useful for people who manage organizations, or who aspire to do so in the future. It enables the manager to see that his or her organization and its problems are rarely wholly unique. Usually, much of value can be learned from examining the behavior of other organizations in broadly similarRead MoreThe Organizational Structure Of The Organization3854 Words   |  16 Pageswill look at Company B. We will begin with an overview of the organization, what category of industry it falls under, and some of the products the organization offers. Next, we will explore the current status in the organization, that is, the current state of affairs in the organization w ith regard to products as well as the internal organizational structure, the factors that contribute to the structure, the effectiveness of the structure. Then we will investigate the steps the company has taken to

The Effects Of Trench Warfare On The Western Front

Trench warfare was a prominent component of battle, specifically during the years of 1914-1918 - the first World War. This essay aims to examine how detrimental life in the trenches on the Western front in World War one was to the average soldier. It attempts to answer the question what was life in the trenches like for the average soldier in the first World War? To fully and thoroughly understand the concepts of trench warfare, this essay goes into depth on topics such as the set-up of trenches in comparison to those of their opposition, common disease in a trench, advantages and disadvantages of using trenches in battle, the weapons, communications, and strategies involved in the war, as well as the friendships gained whilst in battle and the role of the arts in World War one. As Germany had started off strong with the most advantageous location and high-tech weaponry, one would believe that the war would be taken by the Germans. Yet through disease, fear, and suffrage, the British scored a triumphant win. All of which had much to do with the advances of weaponry and trench warfare. Aside from who won the war, the events that went on in the trenches are what made it so unbearable for such a long period of time. The reality was that the average soldier was either ill, depressed, killed, or completely insane. Surrounded by corpses, suffering from hunger, and susceptible to many diseases, a trench was no place for any civilian. What Was Life in the Trenches Like for theShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of Trench Warfare1295 Words   |  6 PagesTrench warfare is a war strategy used in the American Civil War in 1861 – 1865 and the Russian – Japanese War of 1904 – 1905, but it wasn’t until World War One that trench warfare became the standard form of fighting. World War one is best known for being the war fought in trenches, and the ditches dug into the ground to give troops protection from gunfire and enemy artillery. When men volunteered to fight in World War One on the Western Front, little did they know about the living and fighting conditionsRead MoreWhy Were Causalities so High on the Wester Front929 Words   |  4 Pagescasualties so high on the Western Front? There are many reasons for the casualties on the western front during World War I, such as the length of the war, the weapons involved, strategy and tactics, and the conditions. The total number of casualties in World War I, both military and civilian, was about 37 million: 16 million deaths and 21 million wounded. Throughout this essay, I will explain how each of these things affected the number of people who died on the Western Front. The first reason wasRead MoreReasons For The Stalemate On The Western Front1425 Words   |  6 Pages 1. The reasons for the stalemate on the western front In the early 1915 both sides had built endless trench lines stretching from the coast of Belgium to the Swiss border. This made it impossible for either side to defeat the enemy, so all attacks had to be head on front. Armies were much bigger in WW1 than ever before. The Prussian army that had invaded France during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871 was less than 300,000 men. The German army involved in the Schlieffen Plan in 1914 was 4Read MoreEssay on Trench Warfare1549 Words   |  7 PagesTrench Warfare World War 1 is perhaps best known for being a war fought in trenches, ditches dug out of the ground to give troops protection from enemy artillery and machine-gun fire. The trenches spread from the East to the West. By the end of 1914, trenches stretched all along the 475 miles front between the Swiss border and the Channel coast. The trench system on the Western Front consisted of front-line, support and reserve trenches. The three rows of trenches covered between 200 and 500Read MoreWorld War I And The Cold On The Western Front1189 Words   |  5 Pagesalong with bettering our tactics from deadly trench warfare all which would be tested in the upcoming WW2. WW1 would slingshot the world into a new era of warfare, the infantry and a rifle that has proven useful since its invention. The tactics that would either save or cost many soldiers their mental states or the physical. Also the artillery that would completely destroy an enemy s will and fighting power. Rifles and their bayonets tools used in warfare but in WW1 the caused the most damage. WW1Read MoreTechnology Changed The Dynamics Of War During World War I1587 Words   |  7 Pagesfelt the effects of war whether through a social, political, or economic impact. through One of the major impacts of trench warfare was that it made it difficult for the Allied and Central Powers to secure a victory. New technology such as the machine gun brought massive death and casualties. Armies in all nations started to need a larger population of soldiers to fight because of the amount of soldiers that were wounded or killed. These technological developments in war include trench warfare, chemicalRead MoreTrench Warfare And The Great War1404 Words   |  6 Pages Trench Warfare World War I, otherwise known as The Great War, is considered by many as the first modern war. Poison gas, heavy artillery, armored tanks, mortars, ground breaking military guns, advancement in war machinery, and shell bombardments were all newly utilized weapons that caused mass destruction that was never seen before at the time. However, a lot of deaths and conflict occurred in the man-made trenches. Both strenuous and unproductive, living and fighting in the trenches cost soldiersRead MoreWw1 Technology Essay1526 Words   |  7 PagesSerb citizen of Austria-Hungary and member of the Black Hand. The retaliation by Austria-Hungary against Serbia activated a series of alliances that set off a chain reaction of war declarations. Within a month, much of Europe was in a state of open warfare. The war was propagated by two major alliances. The Entente Powers initially consisted of France, the United Kingdom, Russia and their associated empires and dependencies. Numerous other states joined these allies, most notably Italy in April, 1915Read MoreViews On Humanity. As The Human Race Evolves, Some Evolutions1661 Words   |  7 Pageswars, each had its own significance in mortality. Until now, battlefield tactics, with the use of vast weaponry, followed the same preset rules. Humanity had to endure horrors not from one war, or from one tactical change in warfare, humanity had to learn how to endure the effects of war as well. Economics was a driving force for some countries to rule with the influence of imperialism. Humanity further defines imperialism as â€Å"a depraved choice of national life, imposed by self-seeking interest.†[footnoteRef:2]Read MoreTrench Warfare: Hell on Earth Essay1142 Words   |  5 Pagessystematic style of battle through trenches. To adapt to this style, countries developed new weapons and tactics to prevail over their enemies. But, the war simply remained a draw. Trench warfare prolonged World War I by a causing a bloody stalemate where millions died from modern weapons and horrid living conditions. Trench warfare had been used in past wars, but the Germans popularized this style during World War I. Germans sought to capture Paris, but faced the French at the Marne River on September

Khazars and Judaism Free Essays

In his essay entitled â€Å"O dvoystvennosti verkhovnoy vlasti u khazarov†, Vasili V. Grigoriev described the Khazar as follows: â€Å"The Khazar people were an unusual phenomenon for Medieval times. Surrounded by savage and nomadic tribes, they had all the advantages of the developed countries: structured government, vast and prosperous trading, and a permanent army. We will write a custom essay sample on Khazars and Judaism or any similar topic only for you Order Now At the time, when great fanatism and deep ignorance contested their dominion over Western Europe, the Khazar state was famous for its justice and tolerance. People persecuted for their faiths flocked into Khazaria from everywhere. As a glistening star it shone brightly on the gloomy horizon of Europe, and faded away without leaving any traces of existence.† This paper introduces to a reader who the Khazar people are and their role in Jewish history. Khazars and Judaism Originally, the Khazars practiced Shamanism and phallic worship with the sky god Tengri as the focus. Subordinate Gods whom the Khazars worshipped include fertility  goddess  Umay,  Kuara, a thunder god, and  Erlik, the god of death Due the persecution of Jews under Heraclius, Leo III, Justinian II and Romanos I, Jews fled to Khazaria. The Mazdak revolts also caused Jews from Persia to flee to Khazaria. It was said that Jewish merchants from this age regularly traded in Khazaria. They may have wielded strong econimic relations in Khazaria. Sometime in the 8th century or 9th, the Khazar royalty converted to Judaism and the most of the population followed. The reason for the conversion, as some historians say is that the King cannot anymore endure the nasty forms of sexual excesses of his people. King Bulan abolished shamanism and the worship of phallic objects. He decided against Christianity and Islam and selected Judaism. The King and his nobles were converted immediately by the rabbis from Babylonia. Phallic worship was then forbidden. Kings requested for rabbis to open schools and synagogues in the nation. Judaism has become the religion of Khazaria. The conversion of King Bulan started the new policy that only a Jew can occupy the Khazar throne. The kingdom became a theocracy where the leaders imposed religion as the guide to everyday life. Judaism provided not only religious but also civil laws.    How to cite Khazars and Judaism, Papers

Importance of Educational Technology System †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Importance of Educational Technology System. Answer: Introduction: The internet and web has become a common mean to get solutions and answers for our day to day issues. The use of internet has vast expanded from the use of information to finding solution for queries and doubts. The social and technological world is submerging and creating an easy and accessible world for all of us (Brookfield, 2013). The use of internet has improved the quality skill of every individual thus helping them to perform their best in every field. The same has happened with the education world too. The education world has adopting various features that are helping the students to make education easier (Cottrell, 2017). There are innovative courses that help to implement the use of internet in the education system and make the system easier. The study will discuss about one of the prominent courses Critical thinking and the internet. Critical thinking is conceptually applying the skilful techniques to reason or evaluate an action. The concept of using experience, observations and techniques to find a result is termed as critical thinking. This is enhanced by the usage of internet in the present days the course will teach all about the usage of internet to critically analyze and evaluate an action and find a result. It helps to solve problems, understand the data or information and helps to take decision (Dwyer, Hogan Stewart, 2014). The concept of critical thinking is present in every individual but that has to be implemented in the daily life and education courses. This course helps the student to understand the implementation of critical thinking and how internet has enhanced its power (Gagn, 2013). Few important issue sthat can be easily resolved by the help of critical thinking are: To understand and interpret information Taking informed decision Solving problems Analysing data Evaluating the data These aspects of critical thinking are supported by the use of internet and thus giving a better expected outcome in comparison to the previous ones. The use of internet has uplifted the whole process and eased the method for everyone. Thus internet and critical thinking is a must know for every individual in todays world (Stoi?, L. (2015). Concept of critical thinking: The concept of critical thinking defines the expression of analyzing, evaluating, interpreting information to take vital informations. It promotes the idea of independent thinking, personal autonomy and judgement. The concept helps to identify two primary situations as such- the capability to judge and reason out and the disposition to do that (Halpern, 2013). The education course that includes this concept basically aims to produce student who will be well aware and well informed, they should understand the important ideas, they should be able to identify innovative, complicated, creative ideas (HARDING,2014). The course also aims to create learners who will have the capacity to think critically and analytically and use it to uplift their own life and contribute to the society, culture and nation. The internet has enhanced the system of critical thinking by implementing few innovative pattern of thinking and reasoning like- associative thinking. Such type of thinking helps the student to dart from page to page for comparing and reasoning the data and finding logical reasons to evaluate them (Hwang Wu, 2014). The digital media has increased the information about the data and helps to analyze them in a better quality. Internet tools that helps in critical thinking: Reflection activities: the internet helps the students to enhance the standard of critical thinking by going across the reflective activities, get citation for courses and advance their knowledge and thinking. Review activities: sharing information in internet helps to receive review from friends and others and get a better concept about the topic to be analyzed. Thus, the use of internet makes it easier for the student to get better idea about the data and make relevant changes and decision about the data (Jackson, 2015). Discussion forums: the discussion forum allows the students to communicate among each other, demonstrate critical thinking skills, and analyze the course content. It helps to students to communicate and discuss about the critical decision that they require to make. Digital activities: The using of multimedia to present the information and share them with others to get relevant information and suggestion will help to make decision and evaluate the informations. The digital technology has made the system more advanced and students are benefiting from it in a huge way (Keeble Wilkinson, 2017). The aims of the course are to develop the following skills in the students: (Central theme)( Keegan, 2013) To develop a concept of internet use in academic sessions To develop a concept of critical thinking in academic life To teach how the CR skills are enhanced by internet usage. To make the students aware of the facilities provided by internet. The introduce the idea of sharing data and information in internet To introduce the idea of getting feedback from the internet To implement the thought of searching in internet and finding relevant data that will help to take decision To improve the decision making skills Practical theme: Use of internet in making decisions Using it in academic decision making Using it to answer the critical reasoning region of education Using it to make better decision and evaluate them properly Making better choice and preferences Sharing ideas and thoughts with others to help them to make better decision. The students can make better decision Education system will get a hike The techniques will be uplifted The education will become easier for students The researching techniques become simple Easy access to share data Easy access to get reviews Easy way of comparing many options from a single source Enhancing the CR section in education Rise of creativity and innovative thought process Sharing of new ideas and proposals Scope for the students: The dependency of internet has increased for all especially the growing generation. The internet has become a source of knowledge and informative for the educating society who all are always hungry for information and knowledge. Critical thinking is the evaluation of arguments and counter arguments flourishing the social attributes and fundamental need for development of skills. The online academic research has made reasoning and studying easier for students (McPeck, 2016). The study for CR with internet will enhance the potentiality in the students in a better level and help them to make education easier. The possible scopes for the students from these courses are: They can critically analyze the data and find a better outcome from the resources. The internet helps them to receive reviews and feedback from various sources that helps them to make judicious decisions (Moore, 2013). The doubts and issues that are not meet by the students can be easily overcome by the use if internet. The reasons and thoughts that were difficult to find a solution are easily resolved by the usage of internet. Thus, internet helps to generalize the issue process and give a solution to it. The learnings that comes from Cr of a matter with th e help of internet is much more reliable and trustworthy as it is universally accepted and contains review of various people. Thus, this idea can be applied in the day to day life work and there are less changes of failure in it. The students will get to know many new and innovative techniques that will help them to make decisions easily and faster, the student will leave the class with the following qualifications and capabilities: Analyzing quality- in this quality they can separate a whole information to find their functions, nature and relationships. It helps the student to sort data with the help of universal reviews and feedbacks (Zimmerman, 2013). Application quality- the student will be able to judge and evaluate the information on the basis of their personal, professional, social criterias and rules. The judging capacity is increased when the informations are analyzed on the basis of reviews and informations from internet (Nickerson Zodhiates,2013). Discriminating- the student can recognize the difference and similarities among the situations and distinguish them critically with the help of internet. Information seeking- the internet provides exact evidence, facts and informations about the related data. This helps to identify relevant sources and gatherings and to make wise decisions. Predicting- the usage of internet makes the power of predicting easier for any individual. They tend to research on a topic and make wise decisions with less chance of failure. Transforming knowledge- the change of concept and condition can be easily done with the help of this education. The can be more specific and conceptual in life. Thus, the students who will be pursuing the course will be able to identify him/her with the above qualities after completion of the course. Why is the course important? The course helps the students to develop special skills to analyze and critically think on a topic and make justifies decisions. The students need to adopt to make crucial and critical decision in life. This course provides guidance to the students who are trying to build their career. They build skills for the students sitting in competitive exams, the proficiency in writing is enhanced, verbal communicating skills are enhanced, and they can interpret the data and increase their critical thinking skills (O'Donnell et al.,). This help to secure seats in various exams, it prepares the students with the technology, the student gets prepared for the job examinations, the aptitude level of the students is enhanced. The learners need the course for a betterment in their CR concept with the advanced technology. The students find it easier to analyze and reason out the information. The competition level becomes easiler. The job examinations, competitive examination have become a tough competition sector with student availing from every background and quality. It is very difficult to prepare for the reasoning section without any advanced course or education. This course fulfils that section of the paper, making the student ready to face various and difficult questions in this field. It will help the student to think creatively and make justified decisions that will be helpful for their life (Parkay, Anctil, Hass, 2014). The student will develop a extra skill of self awareness. The student will be able to identify the negative and positive around them. They can be able rationalise between rational thoughts and emotions. The student can understand better and solve problems. The importance of critical thinking in society can be defined in many ways. The critical thinking ability among the generation will help them to make justified decisions in social incidents. The reflection of critical thinking will be high-lighted in the society and civilizations. The chances of fraud and cheating will be reduced. The people will be able to make decisions that will be beneficial to them and their society (Paul Elder, 2013). Lack of critical reasoning can often lead to wrong decisions that might cause damage to the environment and society. The greatest example of this is the damage caused to environment, the lack of education in society, lack of sensible thinking, increasing crime, increasing fraud. If this education is pursued by the student then there are chances that the student will have a valid reason for each and every step they take. That will reduces the chances for wrong steps and wrong decisions (Roderick, 2016). The scope for sensible behaviour and act wil l be increasing in the society thus creating a well developed society with smooth management system. There will be more scope for the students to prove their qualification and incur better opportunity for their career. If the students incur good result and gets well established in life then that will improve the standard of the society. The standard of that particular society will rise high thus rising the quality of life of that area (Shiraev Levy, 2016). What is the procedure of the course The students will be given enough time to reflect while responding to inquiries. They will be provided with supportive environment and revaluations. They will be given authentic tasks. They provides social learning environment for the students so that they get the chance to explore their thoughts. They provide journals to note the students position , give supportive reasons. Expected changes in the students: The student will have a better knowledge on many topic. They have the quality to identify and judge between the topics and make relevant decisions. The knowledge capacity will be increased by surfing too many sites in internet. The various information available from a single source will help to improve the information quality. The attitude of the student towards the education system will take a better approach, they will get a chance to think and evaluate everything critically and implement the quality in their daily life. They will get better scope to build a well framed society where consciousness will be present in every field. The students will have a skilled knowledge of evaluating and analyzing information in academic life. Apart from this they will be able to judge the situations and find a justified solution for the issues and make wise decisions. The course provides the capability of the students to critically analyze the facts and make decisions. The student can think analytically and differentiate between positive and negative. The student gets aware of the negative impacts in society. The student investigates and gets reviews that helps them to analyze the information. The decisions are accurate or correct. It helps to gain access to new informations The student acquires the capability to judge the situation from own perspective. Influence the existing knowledge The capacity of arguing is improved in the student The tendency of researching is increased among the students. The student learns to judge between the previous thinking and present thinking. The student learns to think logically, construct a concrete idea The intelligence skill of the student is enhanced. Affective domain: The people will learn to think critically with the help of internet researches. The reason for their accurate thinking is the universal reviews and sharing of thoughts over the internet. The students are facing day to day experiences that helps them to justify the reasons and analyze them accordingly. The students are made to learn more practical things instead of teaching bookish knowledge. The student who tends to free and do not prefer bookish knowledge gets more interest in such courses as they provide online informations and helps to teach with the help of latest technology. Conclusion: Thus, to conclude it can be said that the use of internet has been implemented in the daily life course. It has enhanced the betterment of life in every aspect, the same has also happened in educational fields too. The education system is booming with the influence and support of internet. The internet has transformed the education system with advanced technology and innovation. The above study has discussed about one of such implementation of internet in education system. The topic that was covered was critical thinking and internet, it included how internet has influenced the critical thinking in todays life. The concept of critical thinking emphasizes the capacity to analyze, evaluate, synthesize the information and make judicial decision. The concept of critical thinking helps to identify the positive and negative and helps to make decision after the research and analysis. The internet has helped the entire system by providing various information including reviews and ideas from individuals which has helped them to judge and make required decisions. Thus, the course will be making the students qualified to face the challenges and make requirement decisions. The study has detailed how the course is enhanced by the use of internet and how the critical thinking skills helps the student, society. It has also defined why does a student needs this course. It is expected that the course will be modified more in the later future and prepare the further generations with better analyzing and thinking capabilities. References: Brookfield, S. (2013). Teaching for critical thinking.IJAVET,4(1), 1-15. Cottrell, S. (2017).Critical thinking skills. Macmillan Education. Dwyer, C. P., Hogan, M. J., Stewart, I. (2014). An integrated critical thinking framework for the 21st century.Thinking Skills and Creativity,12, 43-52. Gagn, R. M. (Ed.). (2013).Instructional technology: foundations. Routledge. Halpern, D. F. (2013).Thought and knowledge: An introduction to critical thinking. Psychology Press. HARDING, C. (2014). Introduction. InReligion and Psychotherapy in Modern Japan(pp. 21-44). Routledge. Hwang, G. J., Wu, P. H. (2014). Applications, impacts and trends of mobile technology-enhanced learning: a review of 20082012 publications in selected SSCI journals.International Journal of Mobile Learning and Organisation,8(2), 83-95. Jackson, S. L. (2015).Research methods and statistics: A critical thinking approach. Cengage Learning. Keeble, D., Wilkinson, F. (2017).High-technology clusters, networking and collective learning in Europe. Routledge. Keegan, D. (2013).Foundations of distance education. Routledge. McPeck, J. E. (2016).Critical thinking and education. Routledge. Moore, T. (2013). Critical thinking: Seven definitions in search of a concept.Studies in Higher Education,38(4), 506-522. Nickerson, R. S., Zodhiates, P. P. (Eds.). (2013).Technology in education: Looking toward 2020. Routledge. O'Donnell, A. M., Hmelo-Silver, C. E., Erkens, G. (Eds.). (2013).Collaborative learning, reasoning, and technology. Routledge. Parkay, F. W., Anctil, E. J., Hass, G. (2014).Curriculum leadership: Readings for developing quality educational programs. Prentice Hall. Paul, R., Elder, L. (2013).Critical thinking: Tools for taking charge of your professional and personal life. Pearson Education. Roderick, G. (2016).Teaching critical thinking: Dialogue and dialectic. Routledge. Shiraev, E. B., Levy, D. A. (2016).Cross-cultural psychology: Critical thinking and contemporary applications. Routledge. Stoi?, L. (2015). The importance of educational technology in teaching.International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education (IJCRSEE),3(1), 111-114. Zimmerman, B. J. (2013). Theories of self-regulated learning and academic achievement: An overview and analysis. InSelf-regulated learning and academic achievement(pp. 10-45). Routledge.

Macbeth And Lady Macbeth Essays - Characters In Macbeth,

Macbeth And Lady Macbeth Thesis Page We realize that having the power to make conscience descions results in a responsibility for our descions. Their responsibility may manifest as guilt or happiness. 1 Macbeth and Lady Macbeth's Consciousness Humans have free will, and this free will give us the right to choose between good and evil. In the play Macbeth by Shakespeare, Macbeth and his wife plot the murder of King Duncan, so that they can become rulers over Scotland. We realize that having the power to make conscience descions results in a responsibility for our descions. These responsibilities may manifest as guilt or happiness. Macbeth is at first a man with a clear conscience until he is corrupted by his wife. Lady Macbeth is hungry for power so she presses Macbeth to kill Duncan as quickly as possible. The visions Macbeth sees before entering Duncan's chamber dwell entirely on the circumstances of horror and fear. Macbeth knows concisously that killing Duncan is wrong. Yet he also knows that to be king he has to kill Duncan. After the murders we realize that Macbeth has guilt, and pity for the murder that he just committed because he replies to Lady Macbeth To know my deed, 'twere best not know myself.(II.ii.72) Macbeths' tragedy can be paralleled to those tragedies of the present day. Just as Macbeth goes from fear, to guilt, and to finally his conscience destroying him. It also holds true for the murderer Susan Smith. Both murderers know conscientiously that the murders that they commit are wrong, they both feel guilt, and there both destroyed by the descions that they made. Macbeths' conscience has the power to destroy his conscience 2 when he commits the murder. As Joseph suggests When the murder of Duncan is committed from an immediate Consciousness of the Fact, his Ambition is ingulph'd at that Instant, by the Horror of the Deed...(42). Macbeth's disordered senses deceive him and his debilitated spirits fail him. He listens when nothing stirs and he mistakes the sounds he does hear. He is so confused, and can not distinguish when the knocking proceeds. Whence is that knocking? How is't with me when every noise appalls me? What hands are here? Ha! They pluck out mine eyes! Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood Clean from my hand...?(II.ii.56-60) After he commits the terrible deed, he shows Lady Macbeth his hands covered with blood. Lady Macbeth fears nothing at this point. She is eager that the deed Macbeth committed is fulfilled. She feels that the blood on Macbeth's hands can be cleared by the purity of water. . ..a little water clears us of this deed...(II.ii.64). Lady Macbeth comforts Macbeth. Her planning and plotting work accordingly as she assumed it would. She tells Macbeth that soon they will be the King and Queen of Scotland. Macbeths' evil conscience takes over him in such a great extent that he plans for the murder of Banquo, Fleance, and Macduffs' family. Even thought these murders are not committed 3 by the hands of Macbeth. They are committed at the hands of Macbeth. Macbeth hires two murderers to commit these acts of violence. After the murder of Banquo and Macduff's family Macbeth then returns to the three weird sisters. These three witches give him three new prophecies. 1.) ... Beware Macduff(IV.i.71)! 2.) ... the pow'r of man for none of woman born shall harm Macbeth(IV.i.81-82). 3.) ...Macbeth shall never vanquished until Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill shall comes against him(IV.i.92-94). Bradley asserts that While the influences of the witches' prophecies on Macbeth if very great, it is quite clearly shown to be an influence and nothing more.(172) What leads in the downfall of the hero is really his half conscience guilt, of the three withces. Macbeth listens to the prophecies, thinking nothing will happen to him or his wife. He feels that he will remain safely the King of Scotland, but he must murder to retain power and the Thanes do not remain loyal, nor can his own wife live with things as they are. Lady Macbeth becomes mad and crazy. She fantasizes in her sleep of having blood on her hands. This derived from her earlier certainty that she and her husband needed no more than a little water to clear them of this deed. As Joseph said She had found

Pros and Cons of Debt Consolidation Loans

Pros and Cons of Debt Consolidation Loans What Is Debt Consolidation? Debt consolidation is primarily designed for unsecured debt (i.e. debt that is not secured by assets).  When you consolidate your debt, you take out a loan to pay off several other debts. This allows you to consolidate the money you owe into one payment.   Pros of Debt Consolidation There are many reasons why people consider debt consolidation. However, it is important to understand that there is no easy out when it comes to debt. Some of the bigger advantages of debt consolidation include: A debt consolidation loan could be attractive if you have multiple payments. Maybe you ran up your credit cards while you were in business school, or you have a number of high interest installment loans (student loans, car loan, etc.) A debt consolidation loan will allow you to roll all of these payments into one single payment. If you have an easier time making your payments, you might be able to avoid late fees, extra charges, and the bad credit that will inevitably result when you cant afford to pay regular bills.It may be possible to get a lower interest rate on a debt consolidation loan - or at least a rate that is lower than the current rates you are paying on your debt. Cons of Debt Consolidation For some people, debt consolidation may not be the answer. In fact, it could do further harm to your financial situation. You must consider all of the cons of debt consolidation before making any decisions. Some of the most common drawbacks include: Debt consolidation doesnt reduce debt, so a debt consolidation loan might not actually do anything to help your financial situation.  It can be really hard to find fair interest rates on debt consolidation loans. If the rate on your new loan isnt any better than the rate you pay on your current debt, consolidating your loans or credit card debt wouldnt make much sense.Debt consolidation can make debts more expensive and make it take longer to pay them off. Remember, when you consolidate debt, you still end up owing the same amount of money. The main difference is usually the length of the term. A longer term could just mean that you end up paying more money through interest in the long run. Use this debt consolidation calculator from Bankrate to crunch the numbers.If you work with a debt consolidation company, you dont take out a loan - you give them money each month and they pay your creditors. Debt consolidation companies are in the business of making money - and some of them are scammers - so you need to be careful about who you hire to help you with your debt problem. Should You Consolidate Debt? Debt consolidation isnt the best solution for everyone. It simply depends on your current financial situation. If you are trying to decide whether or not debt consolidation can help you save money, you should contact a financial professional who can help you crunch the numbers. You may also want to consider credit counseling from a nonprofit organization like the  National Foundation for Credit Counseling.

EWaste Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

EWaste - Essay Example Many of these products can be reused, refurbished, or recycled in an environmentally sound manner so that they are less harmful to the ecosystem. These days computer has become most common and widely used gadget in all kinds of activities ranging from schools, residences, offices to manufacturing industries. E-toxic components in computers could be summarized as circuit boards containing heavy metals like lead & cadmium; batteries containing cadmium; cathode ray tubes with lead oxide & barium; brominated flame retardants used on printed circuit boards, cables and plastic casing; poly vinyl chloride (PVC) coated copper cables and plastic computer casings that release highly toxic dioxins & furans when burnt to recover valuable metals; mercury switches; mercury in flat screens; poly chlorinated biphenyl's (PCB's) present in older capacitors; transformers; etc. Basel Action Network (BAN) estimates that the 500 million computers in the world contain 2.87 billion kgs of plastics, 716.7 million kgs of lead and 286,700 kgs of mercury. The average 14-inch monitor uses a tube that contains an estimated 2.5 to 4 kgs of lead. The lead c an seep into the ground water from landfills thereby contaminating it. If the tube is crushed and burned, it emits toxic fumes into the air. With the increase in use of computers and other electronic products, the problem of how to dispose the used computers and other electronic good... urning, disposal of e-waste without regard to proper environmental procedures all play a role in making the dumping of e-waste and its disposal a priority issue. It is estimated that 75% of electronic items are stored due to uncertainty of how to manage it. These electronic junks lie unattended in houses, offices, warehouses etc. and normally mixed with household wastes, which are finally disposed off at landfills. This necessitates implementable management measures. In industries management of e-waste should begin at the point of generation. This can be done by waste minimization techniques and by sustainable product design. Waste minimization in industries involves adopting: inventory management, production-process modification, volume reduction, recovery and reuse. The solutions suggested for solving the issue of e-waste range from reducing the toxic substances in the components prior to manufacture, recycling of the used electronic products, dumping of the e-waste in selected and notified areas, burning the e-waste products in designated incinerators that comply with environmental standards. Of course, the most common solution for e-waste management in the developed world is to ship the used computers and other electronic goods to developing countries like China and India where they are either used again or sold as scrap or in most cases, incinerated and the residual metal extracted from them. We will take a look at each of these solutions and the environmental policies in the developed world that contribute to as well as solve the problem of e-waste. The most common solution to tackle the issue of e-waste is to recycle it. However, not all products can be recycled owing to different market conditions that exist for these products. Though recycling has been

Survey of Human Resource Management db 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Survey of Human Resource Management db 3 - Essay Example The following discussion focuses on employee retention and how organizations can enhance upward mobility. Organizations should be able to provide a well defined career path for all positions in their organizations. As stated by Shore (2013), organizations can increase their percentage of employee retention by helping their employees envision credible rewards such as salary increment, promotion, performance rewards, and bonuses. This should be available for the junior staff, supervisors, line managers and the top management of an organization. It is important to note that the line managers and top management are the most often affected and may be at risk of leaving because they may feel that their careers have stalled at the present organizations. Well defined career paths can be provided through effective performance management practices where you talk to your employees about their goals and aspirations. Employees inputs serves as a point of departure upon which human resource managers can brainstorm ways to structure job descriptions not only to accommodate employees’ goals and aspirations but also to advance them in a well structured career path. In this regard, attention should be given to alternative career paths that define a more personal employee aspiration since most career paths do not reflect employees’ personal goals. This is not only important in fostering career retention but also important in creating a work environment which promote growth and development (Chhabra & Mishra, 2008). The second strategy for enhancing upward mobility and promoting retention is by fostering skill building through education assistance and cross-training for all employees. Cross training is an important strategy since it helps employees acquire new skills, stay motivated and become more interested in their job. Employees often value opportunities that are available to them

Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Business Ethics - Essay Example This is geared toward embracing the responsibility of the firm to other issues which could affect the society (Mallin, 2009:16). For example, some firms are engaged in activities which highlight the need for an environment that is free from pollution. The society will take this as an initiative that is created by the corporate to make the world a better place for humanity. There are a number of key elements that are used as approaches to corporate social responsibility. Firms have the right to select a number of these approaches to arrive at a habitable world. These are strategies that are used to attract potential clients that will engage the firm in other businesses. However, some firms that are financially endowed take part in all the approaches of social responsibility. This heightens their supremacy in the market as many people notice their commitment to social welfare (Kotler and Lee, 2011:9). The first approach to social responsibility is the accommodative approach. This appro ach focuses on a number of activities that tend to accommodate everyone in the society. These are collective activities that are geared toward supporting the whole society. Such activities involve shareholders, the community and other neighbouring and relevant entities. Many organisations come up with long-term ventures that are geared towards supporting the community and other entities that are connected to the firm. In this strategy, the firm has to go to huge lengths in ensuring the society and other entities accrue the advantages of such ventures. As earlier mentioned, some firms are geared towards reducing the amount of pollution in the world. As such they have to part with their resources to sponsor all the activities that reduce pollution of a certain kind (Bacher, 2007:13). A succinct example is when the firm pays some of the activities that are indulged in reducing pollution. Some of the activities need some amounts of cash and will need financial assistance. Some firms tak e the responsibility of running such activities at their expense (Mallin, 2009:12). Though they may spend substantial cash, their interests are well fulfilled in the long run. Similarly, when the firms engage in these activities, it is positivity to the stakeholders. Some stakeholders are liable for some of these activities and taking it as their social responsibility lessens their work. For example, some firms pollute the environment and have to make sure they clean such a mess. In taking social responsibility in such activities, the firm fulfils its responsibility by cleaning the environment. The second approach to social responsibility is where managers have to engage in social activities, which is geared towards promotion of other people’s interest. Managers have their ostensible tasks and they should stick to these tasks. However, at some point, the managers tend to accept commitment to social responsibility and perform these tasks. Some of these tasks are demanding and will require a proactive manager. The manager in charge has to ensure all the activities are fully executed and with their corporation. For example, some managers take part in charity activities. Since they are the flag bearers, they have to show their presence in such activities (Kotler and Lee, 2011:17). This creates a scenario where managers have attracted a larger audience to participate in these activities. When the managers are present, it is almost certain that the

Memory Units And Memory Hierarchy

Memory Units And Memory Hierarchy Memory organisation is combination of several memory devices efficiently. Memory devices are combined and organised based on their characteristic such as access time, speed, storage capacity, physical size and cost per byte. Memory devices organised in such a way that computer system should operate at highest speed, provide bulky storage capacity, smaller in size and less in a cost. Memory organisation uses primary memory devices and secondary memory devices. 3.2 Memory Unit Memory unit is storage unit of the computer system. It stores content such as instructions (codes) and data for temporary or permanent purpose. It is used to stores content and to retrieves the content when needed by CPU or user. Memory unit includes two types of memory: primary (main) and secondary. Instruction or data given by input devices is first getting stored in the primary memory. Further users saves processed (executed) data in the secondary memory. Primary memory is volatile (temporary). It is faster than secondary memory. It includes RAM and ROM. It is directly accessible by CPU. Secondary memory is non-volatile (permanent). It includes several secondary storage devices such as Hard Disk Drive (HDD), Floppy Disk Drive (FDD), CDROM, and DVD and so on. Figure 3.1 shows memory unit and communication line with other units. Note: Volatile memory loses its content when computer loses power. In non-volatile memory power loss of computer does not affects content. Input Unit Process Unit Output Unit Primary Memory Secondary Memory Memory Unit 3.3 Memory hierarchy Memory organisation includes various memory devices. These devises are structured in a hierarchy based on the characteristics of memory devices. Memory hierarchy explains the sequence of accessing memory device while processing, in the computer system. Memory is structured in the hierarchy in such a way that computer system should give excellent performance. Figure 3.2 shows Memory hierarchy. Hierarchy is made on the basis of characteristics of memory, they are listed as follow: Access Time Time taken by memory to read or write data. It is measured in milliseconds (ms) or in nanoseconds (ns). Memory size It is amount of memory. Measured in KB, MB, GB or TB. Cost per byte It is cost required to access per byte. Transfer bandwidth It is speed of the memory. It measured in MHz, GHz. Unit of transfer Data transfer rate. Measured in Kbps, Mbps or Gbps. Increasing speed and cost per bit dcreeasing sisize Registers in CPU Level one cache Level two cache Main memory Virtual Memory Increasing Size, decreasing speed and cost capacity Secondary Storage devices Figure 3.2 Memory Hierarchy Memory hierarchy includes CPU registers on the top. Register provides fastest data access and it is one of the most expensive memory location. Second and third levels are level-1 and level-2 cache respectively. The level one cache is small in size (4 KB to 32 KB) though much larger than register. It is fixed on CPU chip so user can not expand. The level-2 cache is present on some CPUs only. It is much larger than level-1 cache. User can not expand it as it is fixed on CPU chip but it is cheaper than level-1 cache. Virtual memory is part of disk drive, which simulates to Random Access Memory (RAM). Disk drives are less expensive; so cost per bit is significantly less. Secondary storage devices are such as Hard Disk Drive (HDD), Floppy Disk Drive (FDD), Compact Disk Read Only Memory (CDROM), Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) and tape drives. It is bit slower. 3.4 Memory types Basic purpose of memory is to store content. Still memory is available in different types. Basic type of memory is primary memory and secondary memory. Types are made based on memory characteristics and its role in the computer system. Primary memory is the first memory used by CPU, so it should be faster and easily accessible. To make primary memory as per the requirement, memory organisation includes RAM and ROM as primary memory. The main use of secondary memory is use to store users data permanently. Speed of secondary memory can be compromised, but storage capacity should be excellent. So memory organisation includes HDD, FDD, and CDROM and so on as a secondary memory. Figure 3.2 shows types of memory. 3.4.1 Primary Memory Primary memory is access directly by CPU. Primary divided in to two types RAM and ROM. Primary memory should be faster and easily accessible. RAM RAM is a primary memory used in the computer. RAM is the main memory of the computer system. It is volatile since its content is accessible only as long as the computer is ON. The content of RAM is cleared as soon as computer is powered OFF. It is at third place in the memory hierarchy. Operating system, application program and running data are loaded in the RAM. CPU directly accesses the RAM. Types of RAM are as follows: Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) SRAM is made with several transistors, usually four to six, for each memory cell. It does not require refresh time as capacitors are not used. It is much faster and costlier than DRAM. Computer system use SRAM as cache memory. DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) It has memory cells with a paired transistor; it uses capacitor, as capacitors slowly leaks with as they stared discharging, so need periodic refresh. It is slower and chippers than SRAM. It is much denser (stores many bits per chip). It requires less power and generates less heat as compared to the SRAM. DRAM is available in several forms such as SDRAM, then DDRAM to RDRAM. Read Only Memory (ROM) ROM is non-volatile primary memory. Data written on ROM can not delete or overwrite. Data is burned on the ROM as firmware. ROM memory is used in the computer system to write firmware for example BIOS program. Types of ROM are as follows: Programmable read-only memory (PROM) This type of memory is one time written memory. Once program is written can not be change. Erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) Data written on EPROM can be erased. Ultraviolet is used to erase the data written on PROM. Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) It is same as EPROM but to erase data entirely it requires electrical signal. So not require to remove from computer. Data can be erased or over written it the computer itself. 3.4.2 Secondary Memory A secondary memory is non-volatile. Secondary memory used to save users data permanently. Devices used as secondary memory are HDD, FDD, CD, DVD, Tape drives and so on. Secondary memory is at sixth place in the memory hierarchy. Devices used as secondary memory are listed as follows: Floppy Disk Drives (FDD) Used as magnetic, portable memory device. It stores maximum 1.44 MB data. Earlier it used to transfer data among computer systems. Hard Disk Drives (HDD) HDD is fixed, magnetic memory device. It is vital in the computer system because Operating System and users data is saved on the HDD. Storage capacity of HDD is vendor specific. CDROM and DVDROM Are optical memory units used for transferring data and programs among the computers. CDs are available in the size 650MB, DVDs are available up to 4 GB in a size. Tape drives Are usually used for data backup purpose. 3.6 Cache Memory The cache is small amount of memory with high speed. Cache memory keeps data and code (introductions) that are used by CPU often. Use of cache memory reduced the waiting time of CPU that makes CPU more effective. SRAM is used to create cache memory. SRAM does not required refresh as it does not use capacitors as DRAM, it is 10 times faster than DRAM. Cache is of two types Level-1 that is placed ion the CPU. Level 2 cache is optional some processors have this type of memory that is some time placed inside the CPU or placed near by CPU. To execute next instruction, CPU first check cache memory for the same instruction if that instruction is not available then it goes further. Note: DRAM is made up of capacitors which need constant refreshing to preserve data. SRAM uses flip-flop circuit that does not require refresh. 3.6.1 Cache line replacement Algorithms While a new line is loaded in the cache, one of the existing lines must be replaced. Direct mapped cache, same block from line is removed take place for new one. In associative cache, it can search for another place. Four of the most common line replacement algorithms are as follows: LRU (Lease Recently Used) the cache line that was last referenced in the most distance past is replaced. FIFO (First In First Out) the cache line from the set that was loaded in the most distant past is replaced. LFU ( Least Frequently Used) the cache line that has been referenced the times is replaced. Random a randomly selected line from cache is replaced. Note: The most commonly used algorithm is LRU. Cache Terminology Cache use few terminology for operation are as follows: Hit A cache access finds data the cache memory Miss A cache access does not find data or instruction, forcing access to next memory down in memory hierarchy. Miss ratio Percent of misses to data compared to all accesses. Hit access time Number of clocks to return a cache hit Miss penalty Number of clocks to process a cache miss. Virtual Memory Operating system enables a process through which space of hard disk drive can be simulate to RAM. The HDD space used as RAM is known a Virtual Memory. As cost per byte of HDD is less, so virtual memory is beneficial to run many large programs that need more memory. Access time of RAM is in nanoseconds but virtual memory gives access time in milliseconds. It is much slower than RAM. Figure 5.1 shows operation of virtual memory. Virtual memory uses paging and segmentation terminologies. Terms used by paging are as follows: Virtual address- Address used by application program from virtual memory. It is composed of page number and page offset. Physical address Address of physical memory. Page virtual space divided into fixed-size pages. Frame Physical memory divided into fixed frames size. MMU Memory Management Unit (MMU) used to map virtual address to physical address. Page table Each process has its own page table. Each page table entry contains the frame number of the corresponding page in main memory Figure 3.4 Virtual memory operations 3.8 Chapter Review Questions Which of the following is primary volatile memory? (A) RAM (C) ROM (B) HDD (D) FDD Ans: A Which among the following are magnetic storage devices? (A) HDD (C) FDD (B) CDROM (D) DVDROM Ans: A and C Maximum storage capacity FDD is - (A) 2GB (C) 2.44 MB (B) 1.44MB (D) None of these Ans: B A  ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­____ is used as cache memory in the computer system. (A) SRAM (C) DRAM (B) SDRAM (D) ROM Ans: A Which of the following is primary non-volatile memory? (A) Cache (C) ROM (B) Virtual (D) None of these Ans: C Which of the following ROMs content can be deleted using ultraviolet? (A) PROM (C) EPROM (B) ROM (D) EEPROM Ans: C Virtual memory is concept of (A) Using HDD space as RAM (C) Using FDD space as a RAM (B) Logical based (D) Protocol based Ans: A 8. In the memory hierarchy which memory is at first level? (A) Register (C) L1 cache (B) L2 cache (D) None of these Ans: A 9. Which memory takes second place in the memory hierarchy? (A) L1 cache (C) L2 cache (B) ROM (D) HDD Ans: B 10. MMU stands for (A) Memory Mixture unit (C) Memory Management Unit (B) Memory measurement Unit (D) None of these Ans: C 3.8.1 Answers 1. A 2. A and C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. C Summary In the chapter, Memory Organisation, you learnt about: Different memory units and its types. Memory hierarchy based on memory characteristics. Cache and its replacement algorithm. Virtual memory and paging.

Creating a Culture of Excellence Withing an Organization Essay

Culture of Excellence High standards of care are expected by patients and families regarding any type of health care. Creating a culture of excellence within an organization is needed to increase patient satisfaction and improve patient outcomes. This paper will examine a hospital that is creating a culture of excellence within the organization to ensure theses outcome. Committees within the organization have been implemented to examine all aspects of the hospital, and its operations to receive input to create change. This corporation is implementing high standards of care and practice that provide a culture of excellence. Reviewing current articles to understand what defines excellence, and the importance it has on an organizations. This paper will also summarize and analyze the interview of a unit manager involved with implementing a culture of excellence. Also this author will discuss nursing theories and standard of practice that lead to the evaluation of this particular topic. This paper will a lso look at how the author’s journey through the bachelors program has changed her nursing profession, and the opportunities it will open in the future. Project Description How do we define a culture of excellence and then achieve it? â€Å"Excellence, by definition, means a state of (high) quality, superiority, eminently good, superior or first class†(Wiggins & Hyrkas, 2011, p. 1). Most health care organizations depend on reimbursement from private insurance, Medicare/Medicaid, private pay, and investors. Reimbursements for Medicare/Medicaid depend partially on patient satisfaction, which is evaluated through Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS). These surveys evaluate all aspect of the patie... ...thor has learned valuable tools to ensure optimal communication and listing is done with everyone she encounters. The opportunity she has had to develop new skill and enhance old ones has created many new opportunities for her future. Works Cited Alligood, M. R., & Tomey, A. M. (2010). Nursing Theorists and their work (7th ed.). Maryland Heights, MO: Mosby Elsevier. Behavioral standards [Core Values]. (2014). Presbyterian St Luke’s Medical Center: Health One. Cliff, B. (2012, May/June). Excellence in patient satisfaction within a patient-centered culture. Journal of Healthcare Management, 57, 157-159. http://dx.doi.org/Retrieved from Wiggins, M. S., & Hyrkas, K. (2011). Achieving excellence in nursing management. Journal of Nursing Management, 19, 1-4. Yoder-Wise, P. S. (2011). Leading and managing in nursing (5th ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Mosby.

Harmonium and Nettles Essay

Harmonium and Nettles both highlight the theme of memory. As they both are looking back over past memories that are painful, the poems feature the feelings of being helpless in stopping the hurt that was caused. The writer in Harmonium feels remorse for the things he hadn’t said to his father as Armitage states â€Å"then mouth in reply some shallow sorry phrase or word too starved of breath to make itself heard†. The writer in Nettles is protective of the recurring threat to his child that he can’t destroy. â€Å"rain had called up tall recruits behind the shed,† this quote shows the father cannot destroy them .They differ in the way they felt powerless however as in Nettles the father is feeling powerless because of a physical threat whereas in Harmonium it is an emotional threat of the inevibility of death and unspoken feelings that makes the writer feel powerless. Furthermore they both include the reality of family life as the poems are realistic and the poems, especially Nettles, have both the love and misery of family relationships. In Nettles the love in the poem is the protective instincts of a parent towards his son but the misery is the Nettles that had hurt his child and the fact that being protective isn’t enough to stop him from getting hurt. The realistic relationship in Harmonium is the family resentment and frustration from a son to his father. We can tell that the writer resents and is frustrated by his father as it says â€Å"and he being him can’t help but say†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. and I, being me† which shows that he is frustrated at their relationship. However the Harmonium is used to describe his father so therefore his family life whereas in Nettles it is reversed. The Nettles, that had caused pain for the boy, is actually describing soldiers and war therefore the underlying message is not about family b ut about war and the underlying message in Harmonium is not about the Harmonium but about family.

Free Essays on Darden Restaurants, Inc.

Darden Restaurants, Inc. Introduction At 19 years old, Bill Darden opened a lunch counter called â€Å"The Green Frog† in Waycross, Georgia. The slogan preached â€Å"Service with a Hop† forecasting Mr. Darden’s future idealization on service. (Darden 2001) Darden Restaurants was first incorporated and began official trading at the New York Stock Exchange in 1995 as a spin-off of General Mills to become an independent company. Today, Darden Restaurants is the largest casual dining restaurant company in the world operating Red Lobster, Olive Garden, Bahama Breeze, and Smokey Bones Sports Bar restaurants in North America. All of Darden restaurants in North America are company owned and offer no franchise ventures. Darden has restaurants in every state excluding Alaska. Darden also operates one Olive Garden Cafà © in the United States, and 32 Red Lobsters and five Olive Gardens in Canada. Through its associate partners, Red Lobster Japan, an unaffiliated retailer runs 34 Red Lobsters through a per franchise agreements. Currently, Darden restaurants employ over 120,000 people. (Darden 2001) Darden’s restaurant companies currently compete with full-service, casual dining restaurants such as Outback, Chili’s, and Applebee’s. Darden’s parent company competitors include Brinker’s, Landry, and Metromedia. [Multex 2003] Vision, Mission, and Goals Darden’s vision is based on three building blocks of their strategic framework to continually improve their company. These building blocks are founded on their core value system that includes â€Å"integrity and fairness, respect and caring, diversity, and always learning/always teaching, being of service, teamwork and excellence.† The building blocks of the Darden vision are leadership development, culinary and beverage excellence, and service and hospitality excellence. Two catalysts for these strategic building blocks are diversity and technology. Darden’s mission is... Free Essays on Darden Restaurants, Inc. Free Essays on Darden Restaurants, Inc. Darden Restaurants, Inc. Introduction At 19 years old, Bill Darden opened a lunch counter called â€Å"The Green Frog† in Waycross, Georgia. The slogan preached â€Å"Service with a Hop† forecasting Mr. Darden’s future idealization on service. (Darden 2001) Darden Restaurants was first incorporated and began official trading at the New York Stock Exchange in 1995 as a spin-off of General Mills to become an independent company. Today, Darden Restaurants is the largest casual dining restaurant company in the world operating Red Lobster, Olive Garden, Bahama Breeze, and Smokey Bones Sports Bar restaurants in North America. All of Darden restaurants in North America are company owned and offer no franchise ventures. Darden has restaurants in every state excluding Alaska. Darden also operates one Olive Garden Cafà © in the United States, and 32 Red Lobsters and five Olive Gardens in Canada. Through its associate partners, Red Lobster Japan, an unaffiliated retailer runs 34 Red Lobsters through a per franchise agreements. Currently, Darden restaurants employ over 120,000 people. (Darden 2001) Darden’s restaurant companies currently compete with full-service, casual dining restaurants such as Outback, Chili’s, and Applebee’s. Darden’s parent company competitors include Brinker’s, Landry, and Metromedia. [Multex 2003] Vision, Mission, and Goals Darden’s vision is based on three building blocks of their strategic framework to continually improve their company. These building blocks are founded on their core value system that includes â€Å"integrity and fairness, respect and caring, diversity, and always learning/always teaching, being of service, teamwork and excellence.† The building blocks of the Darden vision are leadership development, culinary and beverage excellence, and service and hospitality excellence. Two catalysts for these strategic building blocks are diversity and technology. Darden’s mission is...

Arrhenius Acid Definition and Examples

Arrhenius Acid Definition and Examples An Arrhenius acid is a substance that dissociates in  water to form hydrogen ions or protons. In other words, it increases the number of H ions in the water. In contrast, an Arrhenius base dissociates in water to form hydroxide ions, OH-. The H ion is also associated with the water molecule in the form of a hydronium ion, H3O and follows the reaction: acid H2O → H3O conjugate base What this means is that, in practice, there arent free hydrogen cations floating around in aqueous solution. Rather, the extra hydrogen forms hydronium ions. In more discussions, the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydronium ions are considered interchangeable, but its more accurate to describe hydronium ion formation. According to the Arrhenius description of acids and bases, the water molecule consists of a proton and a hydroxide ion. The acid-base reaction is considered a type of neutralization reaction where the acid and base react to yield water and a salt. Acidity and alkalinity describe the concentration of hydrogen ions (acidity) and hydroxide ions (alkalinity). Examples of Arrhenius Acids A good example of an Arrhenius acid is hydrochloric acid, HCl. It dissolves in water to form the hydrogen ion and chlorine ion: HCl → H (aq) Cl- (aq) Its considered an Arrhenius acid because the dissociation increases the number of hydrogen ions in the aqueous solution. Other examples of Arrhenius acids include sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrobromic acid (HBr),  and nitric acid (HNO3). Examples of Arrhenius bases include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH).

Strategic management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Strategic management - Assignment Example In fact, through strategic management, businesses are capable of assessing their competitors in the market, setting attainable goals and strategies in order to meet their market demands and stay ahead of all the existing and potential competitors. Of importance to note is that in most occasions, strategic management is dependent of the size of an organization and its overall operations. Thus, scholars such as Rao, et al. (2008) argue that strategic framework ought to address fundamental issues that directly affect the development of an organization. Apparently, a good strategy has been described as one concept that is modest and easy to understand. In other words, Rumelt (2012) refers it to the strength that is mostly applied to any opportunities that present themselves in organizations. As such, any strategizing opportunity must comprise of ascertaining crucial issues that are present in the market and the organization in general. Moreover, these crucial points must be keenly focused to come up with results that are action oriented. In this regard, any good business strategy must have a specific action that aims at giving an ultimate solution based on a defined challenge. Of importance to note is that a good strategy is comprised of numerous analyses, and strong development of thoughts and implemented policies that reduce obstacles for the sole purpose of ensuring that the organization moves ahead in terms of maximizing its profit. In light of this, a good strategy is mainly focused on problem solving activity that handles basic issues and not specific ones through the use of intelligent individuals to achieve new and better heights. Contrary to numerous assumptions, a good strategy does not necessary deal with ambitious goals, vision, innovation, leadership or determination (Cunningham & Harney, 2012). Many business leaders have argued that

Historical Developments that Presented New Opportunities and Desires Term Paper

Historical Developments that Presented New Opportunities and Desires for Women - Term Paper Example Introduction Today, with women occupying many high ranking positions at work both in the private and public sectors, it is difficult to imagine and contextualize a time in the past when they were confined to the household and generally restricted and discriminated upon when it comes to the issue of working and employment. It is even no longer fashionable to talk about the glass ceiling in the corporate ladder presently because many female executives are making waves in the corporate world. While, America is yet to see a female president, there is no shortage of powerful female politicians that became influential in Washington and overseas. It is, unarguably, the best time yet for American women to live, work, compete and achieve things for themselves. Looking back, the women of the past were not that lucky. They have to fight for equality and for the recognition that they, too, have rights and capabilities that can be as useful and meaningful as those of men’s. Remember the La dies In the early years of the United States as a country, the first opportunity for change emerged. It was in search for the values, norms, identity and character that would define the nation. There are several notable women who made a difference and helped shape the course of the path that America took during these times. For instance, there is the case of the documented correspondence between John Adams and his wife, Abigail Adams, which demonstrated how Mrs. Adams led the women of her day to empower women and fight for their rights. In a letter dated March 31, 1776, she wrote her husband during the Continental Congress, which is on the process of drafting the Declaration of Independence. She reminded Adams that: I long to hear that you have declared an independency. And, by the way, in the new code of laws which I suppose it will be necessary for you to make, I desire you would remember the ladies and be more generous and favorable to them than your ancestors. The correspondence did not reveal the extent of the impact of Abigail Adams’ admonitions. In the end, the Founding Fathers came up with the classic line in the Declaration that, â€Å"all men are created equal.† Her experience depicted how the American society during this period has displayed a stereotypical view of women, wherein they are widely seen to belong at home in the so-called cult of domesticity. Nonetheless, Abigail Adams is considered one of the pioneering women that launched the process of women emancipation and gender equality. Her actions served as an inspiration for many feminists that would come after her. More and more women became educated as schools were set up for them by individuals who advocate equal rights. There are numerous other developments driven by individual personages and they all influenced the trajectory of women empowerment later on. In 1933, Eleanor Roosevelt became influential in advancing many of the women’s causes. During the Great Depressio n, she was at the forefront of those exhorting women to contribute something to their country and to alleviate the crisis. In one of her pronouncements, she stated that, â€Å"The women know that life must go on and that the needs of life must be met and it is their courage and determination which, time and again, have pulled us

Casa vicens Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Casa vicens - Assignment Example This was due to the underlying impressive beautification of the invention that was possessing captivating spaces such as smoking and dining rooms. Moreover, the explosion of pigments in regard to its decorative details was mainly influenced by Arabic and eastern art thus making Casa Vicens a strong forerunner Modernista association. Casa Vicens was originally surrounded by a convent on one side and a magnificent garden on the opposite side (Roe, 2012). The house was extended by Joan Baptisa I Serra in the year 1925 subsequent to the destruction of the initial work. The garden vanished steadily over the years due to the destruction of the underlying monumental fountain with parabolic arch that was designed by GaudI (Crippa & GaudiÃŒ , 2006). Nevertheless, Casa Vicens was restored by architect Ignacio Herreo Jover in the ranging from 2000 and 2005 by combining the underlying facedes finishing which is currently in the market. The plans for Casa Vicens-site main floor, faà §ade is dated back to the 15th January, 1883 and permit for construction was granted 8th march, 1883 (Crippa & GaudiÃŒ , 2006). The construction project provided initially was for a house and a garden. A meeting held on the 27th September presided by Mr. modesto Casals y Leonor, in the Ayuntamiento of Villa de Gracia granted permission to construct ground floor buildings, a water gallery and a corresponding wall on a piece of land situated on Calle Rincon de San Gervasio within Gracia. In the 1929 Jose Fracisco Rafols printed his first and very significant work in regard to Gaudi and the corresponding architecture subject. Architect Antonio Gaudi was in charge of the original project by Mr Manuel Vicens Y Montaner, who inherited the parcel of land from his mother (Crippa & GaudiÃŒ , 2006). Casa Vicens has been in the Jover family since the year 1899 when Dr Antonio Jover who is the grandfather of

Cipd Recording Essay Example for Free

Cipd Recording Essay Organisations need to collect data in order to comply with regulations such as minimum wage, working time directive, health and safety and even health and safety. 2) Keeping training and performance records on employees enables management to assess individual productivity and performance and allows them to help the employee reach there full potential and in turn increase productivity. Two Types Of Data Collected and How Each Supports HR Practices 1) Statutory Records Such as tax, national insurance contributions, sickness and SSP, hours worked and accident book. These types of records ensure that the HR department complies with all regulatory requirements 2) Organisational Records – Such as Recruitment and Selection records, absence, staff turnover records, learning and development records. These types of records are essential for the HR department and allows them to monitor staffing levels and recruit when necessary, monitor staff sickness to ensure productivity is not being affected and also to if there is anything the organization can do to cut down on sickness levels and records to ensure that staff are maintaining a high level of efficiency through learning and development activities. Two Methods of storing records and benefits of each Manual System: Filing Cabinet – Files are easily accessible and doesn’t require a computer to be turned on. Manual system cannot be affected by loss of power or hackers cannot access a manual filing system from another computer Computerised System: The benefits of a computerised filing system are numerous, and include reduced costs to the company, benefits to the environment, increased ease of sorting, finding, and moving documents. Another benefit is that it allows the office to operate in a smaller environment, because a great deal of space is not required for storing documents in a paper filing system. Two Essential Items of UK Legislation relating to Recording and Storing HR Data Data Protection Act 1998 The Data Protection Act 1998 applies to most personnel records, whether held in paper or computerised format. Under the Data Protection Act, data must not be kept any longer than is necessary for a particular purpose. Computerised systems are covered by the law, as are certain manual systems: to be covered, manual systems must be organised into a relevant filing system. Subject to certain exceptions as detailed in Schedule 7 of the Data Protection Act, employees have the right to access their records and the employer is under an obligation to ensure that the data is accurate. Before releasing such data to a third party, the employer must seek the permission of the individual concerned. The Information Commissioner has issued an Employment Practices Data Protection Code in four parts: †¢ Part 1: Recruitment and selection †¢ Part 2: Employment records †¢ Part 3: Monitoring at work †¢ Part 4: Information about workers health. In the event that employment contracts/accident record books and other personnel records are needed for the purpose of a legal action, the riginals must be made available if possible  or the employer must explain what happened to the original documents backed up by what is known as a statement of truth. When employers really no longer need to keep certain data, destruction must take place securely and effectively, for example by shredding. Freedom of Information Act (2000) NI The Freedom Of Information Act gives people the right to ask any public body for information they have on any subject you choose. Also, unless theres a good reason, the organisation must provide the information within 20 working days. You can also ask for all the personal information it holds on you. The act applies to all public authorities including: †¢ government departments and the Northern Ireland Assembly †¢ local authorities †¢ health trusts, hospitals and doctors surgeries †¢ schools, colleges and universities †¢ publicly funded museums †¢ the police †¢ many other non-departmental public bodies, committees and advisory bodies Any person can make a request for information under the Act there is no restrictions on your age, nationality, or where you live. You can ask for any information at all but some information might be withheld to protect various interests which are allowed for by the Act. If this is the case, the public authority must tell you why they have withheld information. If you ask for information about yourself, then your request will be handled under the Data Protection Act; if you ask for information about other people (third parties), the Freedom of Information Act will apply. However, disclosure of personal information which would breach anyone elses rights under the Data Protection Act is not permitted.

The Online Advertising Overview Media Essay

The Online Advertising Overview Media Essay As the presence of technology meshes into every aspect of our lives, mobile advertising has been recognized by many if not all marketers as being the future, but is it truly? Mobile devices have taken over our lives in many aspects. With their ability to shoot video, take pictures, playing your music library, browse the internet and so on; these new features allow marketers to target consumers via mobile ads and mobile applications. As time passes and technology evolves, new types of advertising venues spring up transitioning from newspapers to billboards, TV and radio, and now the internet. The authors of a peered reviewed scholarly article discuss how, Online advertising has three characteristics; ease of targeting; personalized contents; and interactivity (Dhar, Subhankar, and Upkar Varshney, 356). In comparison to TV or radio advertising, the internet medium allows advertisers to create interactive advertisements that can be tailored to be personalized and target the consumers di rect interests. But with the introduction of new methods and technologies to the market, it does not come without its disadvantages. Online Advertising Overview The end of the 20th century and the beginning of 21st were characterized by rapid developments of communication tools. Advertising delivered over the Internet or better known as online advertising has become a significant source of revenue for web-based businesses. Internet-based advertising is a gale of creative destruction (in the words of Schumpeter, 1942) sweepin g across the advertising and media landscape. Online advertisings humble beginnings began in in 1994 when HotWired, a web magazine, sold a banner ad to ATT and displayed the ad on its webpage (Kaye and Medoff, 2001). But since that time, the e-commerce hype has taken hold, and the focus has already moved on to the mobile Internet. The new technology changed the world by revolutionizing communication at a time when mobile computing technology as a communication tool was solely limited to telephone. However, due to digitalization and the consolidation of telecommunication networks and Internet technology, mobile devices ha ve evolved to provide the same experience as full-scale Internet-enabled computers. The convergence of these technologies provides endless possibilities for mobile computing applications and usage. M-advertising is inexpensive and can be highly targeted towards a certain individual. The potential of mobile devices as direct marketing tools has not gone unnoticed and advertisers have realized the opportunity to use the mobile channel to text information to targeted consumers. Unlike traditional print, TV, or even email advertising, companies can now reach speci ¬Ã‚ c consumer groups or even individuals, virtually anywhere, anytime, and based on the physical location of the mobile user. In addition, companies have more knowledge about their client pool than ever before. This provides businesses with the opportunity to reach their prospects when and where it is most appropriate for the effectiveness of a marketing campaign. M-advertising could most likely become a very powerful new marketing tool enabling businesses to customize and personalize advertising for mobile users. The Negative Side Effects of Mobile Advertising Although there are various de ¬Ã‚ nitions for the concept of M-advertising, no commonly accepted de ¬Ã‚ nition exists. This is because not much research is done in the area of M-advertising. In the present article M-advertising is referred to as the sending of electronic advertisements (mobile ads) to consumers carrying mobile devices. M-advertising is regarded by many as one of the most promising and pro ¬Ã‚ table business opportunities amongst mobile computing applications. A recent mobile marketing survey suggests that about 7% of the mobile users would be willing to receive mobile ads if they were relevant. Unlike personal computers (PCs), mobile devices typically are not shared, which allows for precise targeting of advertising to a single person. Moreover, mobile users rarely leave their home without their device and use them frequently throughout the day. As a result a message sent to a mobile device commands the immediate attention of the mobile user and may be perce ived as intrusive if the message is unanticipated. Mobile advertising is inexpensive and novel, and can be highly targeted towards a certain individual. The potential of mobile devices as direct marketing tools has not gone unnoticed and advertisers have realized the opportunity to use the mobile channel to text information to targeted consumers. Unlike traditional print, TV, or even email advertising, companies can now reach speci ¬Ã‚ c consumer groups or even individuals, virtually anywhere, anytime, and based on the physical location of the mobile user. In addition, companies have more knowledge about their client pool than ever before. This provides businesses with the opportunity to reach their prospects when and where it is most appropriate for the effectiveness of a marketing campaign. M-advertising could most likely become a very powerful new marketing tool enabling businesses to customize and personalize advertising for mobile users. The authors bring up the negative side effects of mobile advertising which include spam mail, SMS text messages, and privacy invasion. The authors go on to explain that, Since mobile communication is perceived as a truly private way of intercommunication, consumers can easily have a feeling that their privacy is invaded (Dhar, 356). The biggest fears that have arisen in recent years are location based marketing via GPS enabled mobile devices. (Dhar, 356). It isnt a surprise though that the idea of combining location information and user data could raise a serious privacy concerns for consumers because the activity of the individual can possibly be traced, which the authors also bring up. Privacy of the consumer can come in many different tolerance levels. Consumers nowadays prefer advertisements which are geared more towards their interests than ones that dont. Email and other types of internet messaging services are often times the center of spam targeting. A scholarly article by Evelyne Beatrix Cleff affirms that, Unanticipated advertising messages, commonly referred to mobile spam, are considered to be a form of privacy violation (Cleff, 229). Data which is collected from the market is used to create a profile of the consumer and help to categorize what that persons interests are. Cleff later states in the article that These practices may lead to an over-collecting of personal data without the proper implementation of personal data privacy, such as providing a set of standards governing the collection as well as the use of personal data and addressing issues of privacy and accuracy (Cleff, 229). Since most of use our smartphones for popular social networks such as Facebook, Twitter or Instagram, our standard of privacy as changed c ompletely. 50 years ago, for example, the general population would have never dreamed of putting up their personal home phone number up on a billboard for all to see. Yet nowadays, Facebook users will post even their home addresses on their profiles and other social networking websites with millions of eyes to see it. Because these advertising methods interfere into peoples private information, there are opt-out programs when using these services that restrict personalized advertising from gathering any information from your online browsing habits. A statement made by Cleff brings up the point that Consequently, privacy fears may not only be limiting the growth of m-advertising, but may also be affecting the validity and completeness of customer databases and pro ¬Ã‚ les, leading to inaccurate targeting, wasted effort, etc (Cleff, 229). Because online privacy has been a huge issue, there has been doubt that as the consumer becomes more annoyed by the presence of advertisements on the internet. Since literally all major social networking and online e-tailors provide opt-out programs for their users, will it be able to provide continued revenue growth in the coming years? Regulation and The Future Regulation in the United States falls under the Federal Trade Comission (FTC) with their Federal Trade Commission Act (FTCA) which protects consumers from unfair practices by sellers and marketers alike. A scholarly article in the Texas Law Review by David DeMarco goes indepth on the topic of privacy issues related to online marketing methods and subsequent regulations that comes with it. He goes on to explain that Although e-companies and Internet users may differ about the degree of access to collected information that companies ought to provide to their customers for verification purposesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ businesses have a compelling interest in maintaining accurate and complete information about their customers (DeMarco, 1042). He goes on later to explain how there has been a push in the last two decades to push for industry self-regulation which is considered by a source in his article to be an abject failure. Because the internet is so vast and unregulated by governments, there h ave been huge doubts as to how consumers privacy will ever be regulated. According to a statement made by DeMarco, At the core of the self-regulatory regime sits a websites privacy policy (DeMarco, 1045). Since websites wont take responsibility for your information, who will? People dont realize as they allow for these websites and applications to access our photos, contacts, emails and so on, we give up ourselves to potential criminals that may lurk on the internet. As social networks come and go, the privacy we give up wont change. Society today as shifted completely due to the internet and without regulation, privacy or the idea of it will become nothing more than a word since all our information will be out there for the taking, regardless of your opinion. Overall, privacy issues and mobile advertising have turned into something highly taboo. Opinions on the matter vary from consumer to consumer due to younger people being more open about information their parents generation would have deemed unimaginable to post on the internet for all eyes to see. Laws and regulations by governments cannot keep up with the ever changing fads on the internet. From location based personalized advertising to the billboard you drive past on highway, mobile advertising is becoming embedded into every aspect of our lives. Consumers today carry their phones everywhere and with the mobile internet service providing the link, millions if not billions of people have their information gathered daily to provide a more personalized and creepy targeting campaign for your buying desires.

The Drinking Age Must not Be Lowered Essay -- Argumentative, Persuasiv

Lawmakers should not consider lowering the drinking age from twenty-one to eighteen. Despite the deep value this country places on freedom, personal liberties, and personal responsibilities, the data shows that public safety is greatly at risk if the drinking age were to be lowered to twenty-one. A variety of groups believe that the drinking age should be lowered to eighteen deeming that the twenty-one law is unconstitutional. On the opposing side, people agree that the law helps to protect our young people and the communities where they live. Before World War II, the age of majority in America was twenty-one. At this age, men entered into their full rights and obligations, such as the expectation to fight for their country, the freedom to vote, and the right to consume alcohol (Poe, 2). There was no confusion pertaining to what a man was allowed to do. Everything was consistent. When the draft age was lowered to eighteen during the Second World War, the nation went into frenzy. The American people did not think it was fair that at eighteen young men could be forced to go out and fight for their country, but were not permitted vote (Poe, 2). In their minds the only compromise that seemed fair was to give the men the ballot in return for their service to our country (Poe, 2). However, no one argued that men be given the right to drink, because of their service to our country. In fact, Senator Joshua Lee believed that soldiers under twenty-one years of age needed to be protected from drinking by their older fellow se rvice men (Poe, 2). Congress concluded that only the states could change their voting and drinking ages, but surprisingly, the states did not rush to do so (Poe,2). Eventually, the soldiers were demobilized,... ...y safety, and a deterrent for future goals. The only way to insure health and safety for all is to insist that lawmakers not lower the drinking age to eighteen and keep it at twenty-one. Works Cited Dean-Mooney, Laura. "A Lower Age Would Be Unsafe." U.S. News & World Report 15 Sept. 2008: 10. EBSCOhost. Web. 2 Oct. 2011. Engs, Ruth C.. " Why drinking age should be lowered: Dr. Ruth Engs ." Indiana University. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Oct. 2011. . Hanson, David J., and Ph.D.. "The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984." WWW2 Webserver. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Oct. 2011. . Poe, Marshall. "The Drinking Game | Hoover Institution." Hoover Institution. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Sept. 2011. .